October 20, 2015

Comparative Study Methanol Vs Ethanol

Comparative Study Methanol Vs Ethanol

Sr. No.
Parameters
Methanol
Ethanol
1
Systematic name
Methanol
Ethanol
2
Class
Class 2
Class 3
3
Chemical Formula
CH3OH
CH3CH2OH
4
Chemical Structure
5
CAS number
67-56-1
64-17-5
6
702
7
864
682
8
Y4S76JWI15
3K9958V90M
9
EC number
200-659-6
200-578-6
10
1230
1170
11
D02309
D00068
12
Methanol
Ethanol
13
CHEBI:17790 
CHEBI:16236
14
CHEMBL545
15
RTECS number
PC1400000
KQ6300000
16
Beilstein Reference
1098229
1718733
17
Gmelin Reference
449
787
18
3DMet
B01170
B01253
19
Molecular formula
CH4O
C2H6O
20
Molar mass
32.04 g mol−1
46.07 g mol−1
21
Physical Appearance
Methanol ‘“is a colorless liquid that is also extremely volatile. Its odor is distinctive and it burns as a bright white flame
Ethanol ‘“is a colorless liquid that is extremely volatile. It has a strong, burning odor and will burn as a bright blue flame.
22
Density
0.7918 g/cm3
0.789 g/cm3 (at 20°C)
23
Melting point
-97.6 °C, 176 K, -144 °F
−114 °C, 159 K, -173 °F
24
Boiling point
64.7 °C, 338 K, 148 °F
78.37 °C, 352 K, 173 °F
25
log P
-0.69
-0.18
26
Vapor pressure
13.02 kPa (at 20 °C)
5.95 kPa (at 20 °C)
27
Acidity (pKa)
15.5
15.9
28
Refractive index (nD)
1.33141
1.361
29
Viscosity
5.9×10−4 Pa s (at 20 °C)
0.0012 Pa s (at 20 °C), 0.001074 Pa s (at 25 °C)
30
Dipole moment
1.69 D
1.69 D
31
European Union classification
F T
 F
32
Flash point
11–12 °C
13–14 °C
33
Concentration limit in Extract
3000 ppm
5000 ppm
34
Auto ignition
temperature
385 °C
363 °C

Sr. No.
Parameters
Methanol
Ethanol
35
Risk assessment
Class 2 solvents to e limited nongenotoxic animal carcinogens or possible causative agent of other irreversible toxicity such as neurotoxicity, or teratogenicity
Class 3 solvents with low toxic potential to humans; no health based exposure limit is needed
36
Hazards Identification
POISON! DANGER! VAPOR HARMFUL. MAY BE FATAL OR CAUSE BLINDNESS IF
SWALLOWED. HARMFUL IF INHALED OR ABSORBED THROUGH SKIN. CANNOT BE
MADE NONPOISONOUS. FLAMMABLE LIQUID AND VAPOR. CAUSES IRRITATION TO
SKIN, EYES AND RESPIRATORY TRACT. AFFECTS CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM AND LIVER.
WARNING! FLAMMABLE LIQUID AND VAPOR. MAY FORM EXPLOSIVE PEROXIDES IN AIR. HARMFUL IF SWALLOWED, INHALED OR OBSORBED THROUGH SKIN. CAUSES IRRITATION TO EYES AND RESPIRATORY TRACT. AFFECTS CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM, BLOOD AND BLOOD FORMING ORGANS, REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM, LIVER
AND KIDNEYS. POSSIBLE BIRTH DEFECT HAZARD. MAY CAUSE BIRTH DEFECTS BASED ON ANIMAL DATA. MAY CAUSE IRRITATION TO SKIN.
37
Inhalation
A slight irritant to the mucous membranes. Toxic effects exerted upon nervous system, particularly the
optic nerve. Once absorbed into the body, it is very slowly eliminated. Symptoms of overexposure may
include headache, drowsiness, nausea, vomiting, blurred vision, blindness, coma, and death. A person may
get better but then worse again up to 30 hours later.
Causes irritation to the respiratory tract. Symptoms may include sore throat, coughing, headache, nausea
and shortness of breath. High concentrations have a narcotic effect.
38
Ingestion
Toxic. Symptoms parallel inhalation. Can intoxicate and cause blindness. Usual fatal dose: 100-125
milliliters.
Swallowing may cause nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, breathing difficulties, weakness. Liver and
kidney damage may result from swallowing large quantities of the material.


Sr. No.
Parameters
Methanol
Ethanol
39
Skin Contact
Methyl alcohol is a defatting agent and may cause skin to become dry and cracked. Skin absorption can occur; symptoms may parallel inhalation exposure.
May cause irritation with redness and pain. May be absorbed through the skin with possible systemic
effects.
40
Eye Contact
Irritant. Continued exposure may cause eye lesions.
Vapors are irritating and may produce immediate pain, redness and tearing. Splashes can cause severe pain, stinging, swelling.
41
Chronic Exposure
Marked impairment of vision has been reported. Repeated or prolonged exposure may cause skin irritation.
Prolonged exposure may cause injury to bone marrow, blood cells, kidney, liver and reproductive system. A suspected human reproductive and birth defectHazard.
42
Aggravation of Pre-existing Conditions
Persons with pre-existing skin disorders or eye problems or impaired liver or kidney function may be more susceptible to the effects of the substance.
Persons with pre-existing blood or central nervous system disorders may be more susceptible to the effects of this substance.
43
Accidental Release Measures
Ventilate area of leak or spill. Remove all sources of ignition. Wear appropriate personal protective equipment. Isolate hazard area. Keep unnecessary and unprotected personnel from
entering. Contain and recover liquid when possible. Use non-sparking tools and equipment. Collect liquid in an appropriate container or absorb with an inert material (e. g., vermiculite, dry sand, earth), and place in
a chemical waste container. Do not use combustible materials, such as saw dust. Do not flush to sewer! If a leak or spill has not ignited, use water spray to disperse the vapors, to protect personnel attempting to stop
leak, and to flush spills away from exposures. US Regulations (CERCLA) require reporting spills and releases to soil, water and air in excess of reportable quantities. The toll free number for the US Coast Guard National Response Center is (800) 424-8802.
Ventilate area of leak or spill. Remove all sources of ignition. Wear appropriate personal protective
equipment. Isolate hazard area. Keep unnecessary and unprotected personnel from
entering. Contain and recover liquid when possible. Use non-sparking tools and equipment. Collect liquid
in an appropriate container or absorb with an inert material (e. g., vermiculite, dry sand, earth), and place in a chemical waste container. Do not use combustible materials, such as saw dust. Do not flush to sewer! If a leak or spill has not ignited, use water spray to disperse the vapors, to protect personnel attempting to stop leak, and to flush spills away from exposures. US Regulations (CERCLA) require reporting spills and releases to soil, water and air in excess of reportable quantities. The toll free number for the US Coast Guard National Response Center is (800) 424-8802.
Sr. No.
Parameters
Methanol
Ethanol
44
Fire Fighting Measures
Use alcohol foam, dry chemical or carbon dioxide. (Water may be ineffective.)
Water spray, dry chemical, alcohol foam, or carbon dioxide. Water spray may be used to keep fire exposed
Containers cool. Water may be used to flush spills away from exposures and to dilute spills to nonflammable
Mixtures.
45
Handling and Storage
Protect against physical damage. Store in a cool, dry well-ventilated location, away from any area where the fire hazard may be acute. Outside or detached storage is preferred. Separate from incompatibles.
Containers should be bonded and grounded for transfers to avoid static sparks. Storage and use areas should be No Smoking areas. Use non-sparking type tools and equipment, including explosion proof ventilation.
Containers of this material may be hazardous when empty since they retain product residues (vapors, liquid); observe all warnings and precautions listed for the product. Do Not attempt to clean empty containers since residue is difficult to remove. Do not pressurize, cut, weld, braze, solder, drill, grind or
expose such containers to heat, sparks, flame, static electricity or other sources of ignition: they may explode and cause injury or death.
Protect against physical damage. Store in a cool, dry well-ventilated location, away from any area where
the fire hazard may be acute. Outside or detached storage is preferred. Separate from incompatibles.
Containers should be bonded and grounded for transfers to avoid static sparks. Storage and use areas should be No Smoking areas. Use non-sparking type tools and equipment, including explosion proof ventilation.
Containers of this material may be hazardous when empty since they retain product residues (vapors,
liquid); observe all warnings and precautions listed for the product. Sudden release of hot organic chemical vapors or mists from process equipment operating at elevated temperatures and pressure, or sudden ingress of air into vacuum equipment, may result in ignitions without the presence of ignition sources. Published "autoignition" or "ignition" temperature values cannot be treated as safe operating temperatures in chemical
processes without analysis of the actual process conditions.
46
Stability
Stable under ordinary conditions of use and storage.
Stable under ordinary conditions of use and storage. Do not distill to dryness. Avoid excessive temperatures or prolonged reflux, such as in batch distillations. Formation of explosive peroxides
Sr. No.
Parameters
Methanol
Ethanol



has been reported from
auto-oxidation. Reported to dissolve aluminum from scratched or heated aluminum surfaces.
47
Hazardous Decomposition Products
May form carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, and formaldehyde when heated to decomposition.
Carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide may form when heated to decomposition
48
Hazardous Polymerization
Will not occur
Will not occur
49
Incompatibilities
Strong oxidizing agents such as nitrates, perchlorates or sulfuric acid. Will attack some forms of plastics, rubber, and coatings. May react with metallic aluminum and generate hydrogen gas.
Strong oxidizers, strong acids, strong bases, copper, aluminum.
50
Conditions to Avoid
Heat, flames, ignition sources and incompatibles
Heat, flame, ignition sources, air, incompatibles
51
Toxicological Data
Methyl Alcohol (Methanol) Oral rat LD50: 5628 mg/kg; inhalation rat LC50: 64000 ppm/4H; skin rabbit LD50: 15800 mg/kg; Irritation data-standard Draize test: skin, rabbit: 20mg/24 hr. Moderate; eye, rabbit: 100 mg/24 hr. Moderate. Investigated as a mutagen, reproductive effector.
Oral rat LD50: 2125 mg/kg; inhalation rat LC50: 2000 ppm/7H; irritation eye rabbit, standard Draize: 50 mg moderate; skin rabbit, standard Draize: 500 mg open mild; investigated as a tumorigen, mutagen, reproductive effector.
52
Extraction
Usually Methanol is more powerful for extraction
Ethanol loses some quantity of extraction efficiency for polar components. it is more food friendly solvent
53
Reactions with Water
Methanol ‘“is soluble in water, which means that it will break down in the presence of water.
Ethanol ‘“is miscible in water, which means that the two substances easily combine to make a homogenous solution.

Source : http://pharmaqualityassuarance.blogspot.co.id